Design of a three phase separator in oil and gas Thesis

Structure of a three stage separator in oil and gas - Thesis Example Three-stage separators effectively separate the effluents from gas oil and water to take into account singular treatment of the blended liquids (Lyons, William, and Gary 165-173). The three-stage separator is for preparing made liquids from an oil sump. Its division is into an emulsion, oil separator, and water compartments. The separator incorporates a water dyke and control framework that precisely directs the situation of the water weir to hold the oil emulsion interface in the emulsion segment fundamentally steady. The separator working boundaries and guidelines fluctuate as per the objective liquid and the kind of partition. As indicated by the CDS partition innovations, the standard of a three-stage separator is corresponding to the degree of its applications (Lyons, William, and Gary 185-197). The three basic measures incorporate the flat three-stage separator with a weir it is the least norm. The subsequent norm, the separator with oil can and water dyke it is further developed and requires no dynamic interface control and an elevated expectation separator is the one with the boot for moderate waters. The structure of hydrodynamic of fluid partition in the three-stage separator is basing on the guidelines laid by the American Petroleum Institute plan standards. Peng-Robinson conditions of stage and progressive replacement consider helpful during the displaying period of the separators (Arnold, Ken, and Stewart 129-134). The plan acknowledges the Monnery and Svrcek model in deciding basic boundaries of the vertical and level separators like the distances across and lengths at various weights. The structure pressure diminishes at each phase of the procedure. Displaying for streamlining the weight of the three separators diminishes the measure of gasses delivered with oil in the multistage separators. Enhancing this model applies a composed PC test system with the utilization of

Pulp Fiction Essays (1912 words) - English-language Films

Mash Fiction Presenting a film, for example, Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction takes a lot of tolerance and critical aestheticness with words. Tarantino's work is a nervy, incredible take a gander at respect among scoundrels, told in a to some degree radical style covering a bunch of discrete stories. Quentin Tarantino is the Jerry Lee Lewis of film, a beating entertainer who couldn't care less on the off chance that he destroys the piano, as long as everyone is shaking (R.Ebert). Presenting a film, for example, Quentin Tarantino's Pulp Fiction takes a lot of persistence and huge creativity with words. Tarantino's work is a bold, absurd glance at respect among bastards, told in a to some degree radical style covering a bunch of independent stories. Quentin Tarantino is the Jerry Lee Lewis of film, a beating entertainer who couldn't care less in the event that he destroys the piano, as long as everyone is shaking (R.Ebert). The title is great. Like those old mash magazines named Exciting Wonder Stories and Authority Detective, the film makes a reality where there are no typical individuals and no conventional days; where short of breath exposition clacks down emergency exits and jumps into the dumpster. Or if nothing else there are no customary days for the individuals who don't think about uncouth what's more, unplanned homicide to be a piece of their ordinary motivation and occupation. The characters in this film separate cultural ordinariness from individual typicality. For model, Jackson and Travolta are attractive as a couple of hired gunmen who have philosophical discussions all the time. These characters keep on intuition that they're simply carrying out their responsibility and that there employments are for the same reason as any other person's activity - to get paid and afterward to, consequently, pay the bills. Cultural standards push the crowd to accept that these characters alongside Ving Rhames, (Marsellus Wallace), are rebels and ought to be dealt with. Tarantino begins us off with a double meaning of mash one being a delicate, sodden, indistinct, mass of issue what's more, two being a book containing offensive topic, and being naturally imprinted on unpleasant, incomplete paper. This presents the crowd to the introduction of the film. It's portioned structure is Tarantino's method of playing with the crowd's observations. The amusement all through Pulp Fiction is glimmering, it catches the crowd what's more, drives them to sort the sections out so as to frame one complete story. Henceforth the title containing mash and the item being harsh and fairly incomplete to the watcher. This voluble, brutal, siphoned up film isn't for each taste, not for the queasy, yet it has more imperativeness than practically some other film of 1994. The screenplay by Tarantino and Avary is so elegantly composed in a psoriatic yet intense way that you'll need to focus on noses it - the noses of each one of those zombie authors who take screenwriting classes that show them the equations for expressing hit films. Mash Fiction is developed in such a nonlinear way that you could see it multiple times and not have the option to recollect what comes next. It backtracks on itself recounting to a few interlocking tales about characters who occupy a universe of wrongdoing and interest, triple-crosses and edginess. Vincent Vega (Travolta) and accomplice Jules Winnfield (Jackson) are a couple of mid-level contract killers who do assignments for a crowd chief. We see them first on their way to a savage confrontation talking about such puzzles as why in Paris they have a French word for Quarter Pounders. They're as guiltless in their way as Huck and Jim, coasting down the Mississippi and conjecturing on how outsiders can see one another. Vince's and Jule's professions are a progression of assignments that they can't exactly deal with. Particularly Travolta's character, in addition to the fact that he kills individuals unintentionally (The vehicle hit a knock) however he doesn't have a clue how to tidy up after himself. Great thing both of them realize individuals like Mr. Wolf (Harvey Keitel) who practices in messes; and has companions like Lance (Eric Stoltz) who possesses a major clinical reference book for crisis circumstances. Uma Thurman can delineate for you those clinical methods. Bruce Willis is convincing as a warped fighter whose plan to flee hits a couple of alternate routes. Butch Coolidge (Willis) is expected to toss a battle yet bails and looses Marsellus (Rhames) a great deal of plunder. Butch and his girly are to dump town ASAP however first he needs to make a risky excursion back to his condo for an important family treasure. The history of this legacy is portrayed through a flashback dream described by Christopher Walken, a Vietnam veteran. Walken's exchange work to the film's greatest chuckle. The

Research in Educational Leadership-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Comprehensively Organize your paper into the four primary stages for Planning Change as Identified by Hodges and Gill. Answer: Presentation The upkeep of the productive school or instructive authority is the way to achieve the manageable reconstruction of the instructive procedure. The principals are prepared to deal with a quickly changing and complex condition so as to improve the instructive framework and lead the understudies towards obtaining the protected future (DuFour Mattos, 2013). The nearness of the instructional pioneers decides the manageable advancement in the instructive field. Anyway there are a few cases where the authority inside the instructive foundations turns out badly. As per Arafeh (2014) bringing chance into instructive establishments are difficult. There are unequivocal force circumstance because of the situation of the person which might be not satisfactory for catalyzing the change into the association. Past instructive inquires about show that diverse school organization factors don't have a lot of effect on the learning procedure, considering independently, anyway all things considered the f actors may hugy affect arriving at the understudies and making a warm domain for the understudies. Not many years prior, the idea of school initiative was obviously missing from the majority of the center schools and there was a genuine need the administration as the vast majority of the school the board didn't see school authority and the duty of the school standard as a huge matter of intrigue (Fullan, 2013). Be that as it may, step by step more examines in this field have added to this field which made the school initiative to be a significant issue for the school condition and understudy learning. This investigation will concentrate on the change the board in administration of the ABC Middle School which has confronted an extreme circumstance because of flawed initiative and turnover of staffs all the time. The examination will consider arranging the change the executives as it has been distinguished by Hodges and Gill (2015). Responsibility of Principle in instructive foundations While improving the schools, the school authority starts things out in the need list for the greater part of the significant school renewals. As expressed by Guskey (2014) an improved guideline initiative among various different issues that are looked by the center schools. Anyway the nature of the instructors in the instructive foundation is the most critical factor in the improvement of the instructive establishments, yet the school initiative is as significant as different issues. The instructive investigates in this field show that the rule of the center school take after to the director of the business associations (Santamara, 2014). Inside the changing field of the training there are a few transformations dependent on the quality measures and the responsibility, thusly a wonderful origination that has developed which draws exercises from the contemporary business associations (Hallinger, 2014). Moreover it proposes that authority is the essential factor that ought to be placed in the concentration with a more noteworthy lucidity in the center school the board. The standards in center schools have enormous responsibility for completing the guidelines and guidelines keeping away from any sort of misstep. The significant duties of the guideline in a center school incorporate, molding the crucial vision of the instructive accomplishment for the understudies in school dependent on the better expectations of the scholarly field, making an affable and safe environment for the understudies that involves an agreeable and productive soul, developing the feeling of authority inside different instructors so they can understand the vision of the instructive foundation simultaneously, improving the directions to different educators so they can give their best to the understudies, in this way upgrading the learning procedure alongside a cautious administration of individuals, gatekeepers and handling the information with the goal that the improvement of the school can b e cultivated (Parkay, Anctil Hass, 2014). These key duties may turn hard for the rule, yet these are required to be completed for improving the instructive accomplishment of the understudies. Foundation of the Problem In Canada, center schools essentially go about as the change time frame between the optional schools and elementary schools. ABC Middle school understands that it is important to comprehend for the center school the board that the years understudies spend in the school are the most essential phase of their lives. Inside this period the understudy may lose enthusiasm for their scholastics or they can be increasingly more inspired by their scholarly profession. The school has around 500 understudies originating from different foundations and distinctive ethnicity. The school doesn't support any sort of racial separation inside the school premises. As of late the school had confronted a serious issue with the standard of the school. After the retirement of the past rule, another standard has been selected who at first appeared to be over equipped for the position having over ten years of involvement with the instructive field. Anyway the circumstance in the school had changed not long a fter the joining of the new guideline, Mr. Jones. He has executed new guidelines for the educators, for example, explicit clothing regulations and added additional classes to their schedules that they are not specialists at. He has additionally executed another calendar for tests which at first appeared to be overburden for the kids. In the school gatherings the instructors had contradicted to such executions as they realized that the understudies probably won't acknowledge these abrupt changes and they may respond in an alternate manner. Anyway Mr. Jones acted in an imperious manner and didn't tune in to any recommendations originating from the instructors and the other administration staff. The training staffs additionally didn't take the new standard execution on a positive note concerning any minor disappointment from the new principles; they had been experienced with money related detriments. Accordingly soon hardly any senior educators had left the school because of such super fluous severe standards. The understudies had likewise felt issues with the new guideline as they had confronted racial separation while experiencing the rule. Mr. Jones has additionally utilized scarcely any showing staffs who were very little experienced and were brutal on the understudies. Before long the whole circumstance in the school has transformed into a randomness of disarray. Direct Change Model by Hodges and Gill The hierarchical change relies upon the usage of the consecutive arrangement. When the exhibition hole is remembered, it is fundamental to comprehend the game-plan that will be useful for an association to deal with the presentation and execute the change. It is to be demonstrated that the hierarchical change or changes brought to the initiative style require the basic arranging (Burke, 2014). In the wake of executing change, it is important to screen the viability for scarcely any months. In the event that the result of the progressions appears to be certain, the administration of the school ought to give the consideration towards keeping up the consistency. It is fundamental to screen the response of the related staffs towards the change. The suggestions gave by Hodges and Gill with respect to the change the board procedure incorporate four diverse advance. In this segment of the examination, these four phases will be talked about to guarantee the execution of the change the board activities in ABC Middle school. The four phases of the change the board model are talked about further: Stage 1: Defining the requirement for change and building up the vision The hierarchical change the executives requires the distinguishing proof of the difficult that makes the hole in the exhibition. According to the situation examined in this investigation, the ABC Middle School has been confronting the huge and conspicuous issues with the ineffectual initiative administration. The Autocracy kept up by the standards is expanding the staff turnover rate. In addition, the broad extended of the racial separation is the significant issues. Numerous youngsters from the outside nations take affirmation in this school. Be that as it may, the racial separation looked by the worldwide understudies is making colossal disappointment. It by and large makes the disappointment among the understudies, their gatekeepers, and the related instructors. Thus, it is basic to take out such conduct and keep up the counter discriminative laws inside the association. Likewise, the enrollment procedure is additionally underneath the desire level (Conner, 1992). The employed sta ffs are not completely taught to meet the instructive parameter. It by and large makes the commitment as far as the upgrades resolved to the instructive field. Subsequently, it is basic to change the authority methods to keep up the dependability and long haul supportability. In addition, the change is likewise required for limiting the turnover rate and impacting the staffs to build up the instructive aptitude. Notwithstanding, it is outstanding that the association needs to focus towards the enlistment procedure too. So as to alleviate the exhibition hole, the association has chosen to change the initiative structure. At the underlying stage the dictatorial administration style was trailed by the head of ABC Middle School. In any case, following such administration style was very inconsequential since it expanded the staff turnover rate. The enlistment of the certified educators and the staffs would be important for the school to improve the instructive procedure. Truth be told, the vision ought to be founded on the improvement of against discriminative law or guidelines to take out the discriminative conduct with the worldwide understudies or staffs. It is fundamental since it diminishes the odds of disappointment and improves the training quality. Stage 2: Initiating the Change Starting change implies the phase where the change activities are characterized appropriately. The pioneers need to recognize the fitting answers for improve the hierarchical si

Looking into the preparation of data - Free Essay Example

Before estimating the logistic regression and decision tree, the data should be preprocessed the firstly. Initially, the data set should be transformed from *.arff to *.csv by the ArffViewer tool in Weka. Then the new data set could be opened by the Excel. After checking the data in the Excel sheet, no missing values were found. Then the z- score rule was used to do the outlier detection. There are six attributes should be tested by the Z value, birthDate, zipCode, svcStartDt, incomeCode, peakMinAv and peakMinDiff. If the Z value is larger than 3 (Zj 3), then the original data should be replace by the mean plus 3 times the standard deviation of that attribute. If the Z value is smaller than -3 (Zj -3), the original data should be replaced by the mean minus -3 times the standard deviation of that attribute. Meanwhile, it was found that the curPlan attribute are the nominal variables and the value 1, 2, 3 and 4 corresponds to the different peak minutes plan. So it should be recoded. In this paper, dummies were chose to code the variables. The curPlan attributes could be replaced by four dummies attributes named Dummy1, Dummy2, Dummy3 and Dummy4. The value setting of the four new attributes is showed as the following table. Then the ad justed data set should be opened by the Weka and transformed to the *.arff file. Because the subscriberID attribute is the customers ID numbers, obviously it is not related to the churn attribute. Then it should be removed in the Weka Explorer. To make sure all the attributes, except birthDate, zipCode, svcStartDt, incomeCode, peakMinAv and peakMinDiff, are the nominal type values, the filter NumerictoNominal could be applied to change the numeric type values to the nominal type. After that, the discretization and grouping should be carried out to group values of categorical variables for robust analysis. In this question, the equal interval binning method would be adopted. Again the six numeric attributes which were tested by the z- score before should be discretized or grouped. It is easy to achieve the goal by using the filter named Discretize in the Weka. With the default properties, the six attributes would be divided to 10 equal interval bins. At last, the whole data set shoul d be slipped into two sets, one is the training set with the first 1/3 data (2666 rows) and the other is the test set with the rest data (1334 rows). Logistic regression First of all is to estimate a logistic regression classifier with the training set, considering the churn indicator as the target variable. In the Classify option in Weka, the classifier named SimpleLogistic should be selected. In order to make the estimation more reliable, the value of maxBoostingInterations could be set as 1000. The test option is use training set. Then the results would be showed in the output window. The following are the main parameters.According to the above table, the most predictive input is the PeakMinDiff='(-ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾ ~ -446.02]. It means the data belongs to this interval would decrease 1.84 times the odds-ratio. All of the four dummies, only Dummy2 presents a high relationship to the regression with a 1.37 parameter. From the results window, the confusion matrix could be found as follows. it is easy to calculate out that the classification accuracy is 72.0930%, the sensitivity is 72.9242%, and the specificity is 70.7171%, on the tr aining set assuming a cut- off of 0.5. Then using the test set by Supplied test set option in Weka, the confusion matrix could be found as follows. According the equations and the confusion matrix, the classification accuracy for test set is 63.5682%, the sensitivity is 67.9675%, and the specificity is 59.8053%. The ROC curve on the test set also could be drawn and the area under ROC is 0.7153. Because Accuracy Ratio = 2* AUC- 1, so the accuracy ratio on the test set is 0.4306. Decision tree To estimate a decision tree, the same data set would be used again. However, the data need not to be slit to two sets. Then the filter named J48 in Classifier Option should be chosen to estimate the tree. The test option is 66% percentage split. To prevent overfitting, the pruning and property setting should be adopted. By changing the confidencFactor, numFolds and reducedErrorPrunning, a smaller tree could be found when the confidencFactor is 0.1, numFolds is 5 and reducedErrorPruning is false. The number of leaves is 25 and the size of tree is 33. And according to the confusion matrix for test set of decision tree, it is easy to calculate out that the classification accuracy is 68.5294%, the sensitivity is 67.4822%, and the specificity is 71.2401%. The AUC is 0.6967 and the AR is 0.3934. Comparing The classification accuracy of logistic regression (63.5682%) is smaller than that of decision tree (68.5294%). However, the AUC of logistic regression (0.7153) is larger than that of decision tree (0.6967). The most predictive input in logistic regression is the PeakMinDiff='(-ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¾ ~ -446.02] and its parameter is -1.84. While, the most in decision tree is Dummy2=1:0 and it is 322.0/9.0. In the logistic regression, every parameter means the contribution of each attribute to the model. By comparing the result of training set to the test set, it is found that the classification accuracy of training set (72.093%) is a little larger than that of test set. It means that this logistic regression model does not fit the data very well. Then the decision tree shows the choice for important branches which is ease of interpretation and no parameters. However the decision tree is still a bit too large to use as the rule. Question 2 Title: A Typology of Irrigated Farms as a Tool for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Irrigation Schemes: The Case of the East Mitidja Scheme, Algeria Authors: Khaled Laoubi and Masahiro Yamao Citation: International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 36, No. 8, 2009, pp. 813-831 The data mining problem considered In this article, the authors tried to use data mining to propos the typology. The typology is supposed to connect the characterization of the irrigated lands with the structural and functional aspects. East Mitidja (Hamiz) scheme in the Mitidja valley was selected as the data resource which is only from the water users and members of the irrigation agency ONID. A questionnaire was designed to collect the data. Then the samples were divided into 4 groups as EAC, EAI, private and others by the farm type. The farm structure characteristics were defined as landownership status (EAC, EAI and private farm), agricultural land area, groundwater assets, family labor, farm income, off-farm income, irrigation technique used, subsidies, type of marketing channel and farm equipment. While, farm functional characteristics include the percentage of irrigated area out of total agricultural area (TAA), irrigated citrus area, irrigated orchard area, irrigated grape area, irrigated vegetables area , irrigated industrial culture area, irrigated green house area, cereal area, abandoned area, the source of water used, and the investment in the farm. The data mining techniques used In this article two main data mining techniques were used. One is multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) which is an extension of correspondence analysis for at least two variables. Before using the MCA, the selected data were converted to class variable. Then the Euclidean cloud of points would be conducted and the number of the axes should be restricted. The other one is ascendant hierarchical classification (AHC). It is a method for cluster which would be done after the MCA. It could divide the individuals by their factorial coordinates. The authors also used Statistical Package for Social Science 15 to do the data prepare and Portable System for Data Analysis Software v5.5 to apply the MCA and AHC. The results The MCA represented that the first three factors explained more than 60 percents of the total variance. The first axis (32%) opposes the large EAC farms and small farms. The second factor of MCA (23%) opposes the EAC farms and the family labor which varies from 6 to 9. The third one was 10.21 percent. However no supplementary variables were found to contribute to this axis. In AHC, class 1 represents 16.42% of the sample. EAC farm land is the principal ownership type. Class 2 represents as much sample as class 1. Class 3 represents 5.22% sample. It includes all types of ownership and main characteristic use of the irrigation-saving technology and the conjunctive use of water resources. Class 4 represents the smallest of all, only 3.7. The principal ownership type of this class is private farms. Class 5 represents 15.67%. It focused on the same in class 4. It has has no extension services, and no investments made for these farms. Class 6 represents 20.15%. It turned to the EAC fa rms. It is interesting and contacts with extension service. Class 7 represents 22.39%. Its principle ownership type is private farms. According to the results, it is found that, the agricultural irrigation policies have not benefited all types of farms. Different type farmers faced different problems. So the different measures would be taken to solve the problems. It also showed that the Agricultural and irrigation policies in Algeria had a different effect on various type farmer and factors. Critical discussion The author used the questionnaire to collect the data, since the data might deviate from the actual situation. What is more, the article gave few reasons why chose these characterizations. Basically, different characterization would lead to different results. The MCA method in this article did not play an important role. Also the authors divided the data by types of ownerships, however they did not explain reason clearly. Then as the authors wrote in the end, the results fail to meet expectations and the results are insignificant in terms of the adoption of irrigation techniques. Question 3 1. FICO credit score The credit score is a kind of method which tries to give a score that the bank can rank the risk of the loan applicants. It is based on the historical performance of the borrowers on the loan (Mester, 1997). The FICO is short for the Fair Isaac Company that developed the famous software to help other companies mark for the customers. Then the software was adopted by three main credit bureaus as a standard. The three credit bureaus are Experian, TransUnion, and Equifax. The FICO credit score is a kind of way to calculate the credit score using the software. It ranges between 300 and 850. The lower the score is, the higher the risk is. The FICO credit score is essentially made up of five parts, payment history (35%), total amounts owed (30%), length of credit history (15%), new credit (10%) and type of credit in use (10%). Usually one people could get three different FICO credit scores from the above three bureaus (Vohwinkle, 2010). 2. Unexpected loss in a Basel II context In credit risk management, the loss that can occur if the defaults exceed expectations and deviate from the average is called the Unexpected Loss. It is considered as a large but sustainable loss. Basel II is a new model of the capital adequacy framework released by the Basel Committee in June 2004. It is designed to measure the riskiness of banks loan portfolios. In Basel II, the credit risk capital should be estimated by the standardized approach or the internal ratings-based approach (IRB) (Resti and Sironi, 2007). Basically, the IRB approach is based on the expected and unexpected loss (Prenio, 2005). In the credit risk management, there four key components, probability of default (PD), loss given default (LGD), exposure at default (EAD) and maturity (M). The Expected loss (EL) = (PD) x (LGD) x (EAD). What is more, Basel II wants bank capital to cover the whole amount of the value-at-risk (VaR= EL + UL). If the bank can only cover the expected loss, then the Basel will charg e for the unexpected loss, which should refill the VAR gap. 3. Information Value of a variable Information Value (IV) is a measure of predictive power used to assess the appropriateness of the classing and select predictive variables. It is increasingly popular as it represents good alternatives to approximate non-linearity in the data. It could be computed as follows. IV = {ÃÆ'Ã… ½Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ £(Dist Good Dist Bad) x WOE} Information value of a variable is related to the evaluation for modeling and analysis purposes. Hence, maximize the information value of the variable is a recommendable criterion in data mining (Hababou, Cheng and Falk, 2006). 4. AUC based pruning AUC is the area under the ROC curve, which provides a simple figure-of-merit for the performance of the constructed classifier. Pruning, as the name implied, involves removing branches of the decision tree to prevent the tree from the overfitting. AUC based pruning is a method to improve the performance. It starts from a model (e.g. logistic regression) with all n inputs. The next step is to remove each input in turn and re-estimate the model. The last is to remove the input giving the best AUC and repeat this procedure until AUC performance decreases significantly. Generally, the average performance of AUC is the criterion whether the pruning should be accepted. If the AUC is larger than that before the pruning, then accept the pruning. If not, the method to do the pruning should be adjusted (McGovern and Jensen, 2008). Question 4 a) The cut- off is 175 To calculate the required values, the confusion matrix should be drawn up firstly. According to the equations used in Question 1, the results could be calculated out easily. b) All possible cut- off The interval of each possible cut- off could be set as 10, from 45 to 345. After running the similar process in a), the results table could be drawn up as follows. c) d) Kolmogorov- Smirnov Curve In order to drawn Kolmogorov- Smirnov Curve, the two kinds of values should be calculated out firstly, P(s|G) and P(s|B). P(s|G) = ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"xÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤s p(x|G) (equals 1- sensitivity) P(s|B) = ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"xÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ °Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¤s p(x|B) (equals the specificity) Then the K- S Curve could be painted out by Excel basing on the above table. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) Distance= maxs | P(s|G) P(s|B) |, so the KS distance is 0.5556, where the cut- off is 145. e) ROC Curve The ROC curve is a two-dimensional graphical illustration of the sensitivity on the Y-axis versus (1-specificity) on the X-axis for various values of the classification threshold. A straight line through (0, 0) and (1, 1) represents a classifier found by randomly guessing the class and serves as a benchmark. According to the above ROC curve, it is obviously the area under the scorecard is much larger than that under the random scorecard. Hence, the scorecard performs better than a random scorecard. Moreover, the coordinates of the spots on the curve could be used to estimate the area under the ROC curve. Then the AUC is about 0.7869. f) CAP/ Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient (accuracy ratio) In the given data, there are 12 actual bad and 18 actual good. It is already known that the perfect model has an AR of 1, while the random model has an AR of 0. Because the AR= 2* AUC- 1, the scorecard has an AR of 57.38% (2*0.7869- 1). Then the CAP curve could be drawn out as follows. g) Relationship By setting the cut- off as different values, the different classification accuracy, error rate, sensitivity and specificity could be calculated out. Then the K- S and the ROC are both based on the calculating results. They are the two different ways to measure the performance. However, the ROC usually includes the random scorecard curve which is considered as a fixed line. Then the CAP curve is the compare between the predictive scores and the actual scores.

Homemeade Kinetic Sand Recipe

Kinetic sand is sand that sticks to itself, so you can form clumps and mold it with your hands. Its also easy to clean up because it sticks to itself. Kinetic sand is an example of a dilatant or non-Newtonian fluid that increases its viscosity under stress. You may be familiar with another non-Newtonian fluid, oobleck. Oobleck resembles a liquid until you squeeze or punch it, and then it feels solid. When you release the stress, oobleck flows like a liquid. Kinetic sand is similar to oobleck, but it is stiffer. You can mold the sand into shapes, but after a few minutes to hours, they will flow into a lump. You can buy kinetic sand in stores or online, but its a simple and fun science project to make this educational toy yourself. Heres what you do: Kinetic Sand Materials Fine play sandDimethicone [polydimethylsiloxane, CH3[Si(CH3)2O]nSi(CH3)3] Use the finest sand that you can find. Fine craft sand works better than playground sand. You can experiment with colored sand, but be aware the dyes may not work for the project. Kinetic sand that you buy in the store consists of 98% sand and 2% polydimethylsiloxane (a polymer). Polydimethylsiloxane is known more commonly as dimethicone, and it is found in hair anti-frizz gel, diaper rash cream, a variety of cosmetics, and in pure form from a cosmetics supply store. Dimethicone is sold in different viscosities. A good viscosity for this project is dimethicone 500, but you can experiment with other products. How to Make Kinetic Sand Spread dry sand out in a pan and allow it to dry overnight, or place it in a 250 F oven for a couple of hours to drive off any water. If you heat the sand, let it cool before proceeding.Mix 2 grams of dimethicone with 100 grams of sand. If you want to make a bigger batch, use the same ratio. For example, you would use 20 grams of dimethicone with 1000 grams (1 kilogram) of sand.If the sand wont stick together, you can add more dimethicone, a gram at a time, until you get the consistency you want. Homemade kinetic sand is similar to what you would buy, but the commercial product uses super-fine sand, so it may behave a bit differently.Use cookie cutters, a bread knife, or sandbox toys to shape the kinetic sand.  Store your sand in a sealed bag or container when you arent using it. Recipe for Homemade Kinetic Sand Using Cornstarch Cornstarch is the material mixed with water to make oobleck and ooze. If you cant find dimethicone or are looking for a cheaper alternative, you can make homemade kinetic sand that is essentially oobleck with sand. It will not be as easy to mold as dimethicone sand, but its still fun for younger explorers. The advantage over regular play sand is that this recipe will stick together, so you can have an indoor sandbox without tracking as much sand all over your home. Materials Large plastic tub or a small pool6 cups cornstarch6 cups water50-lb bag of play sand ​​Instructions First, make the oobleck by mixing the corn starch and water.Stir in the sand until you get the consistency you want. Its okay to add a bit more of any ingredient to get the perfect sand.If you like, you can also add a squirt of dishwashing detergent or a couple of spoonfuls of tea tree oil to help prevent bacteria or mold from growing on the sand.The sand will dry out over time. When this happens, you can add more water.

Causes and Effects of Work Related Stress - 613 Words

Work related stress Introduction: Work related stress is response to the conflict between work demand and individual’s needs. According to world health organization (WHO; 1986) When people are presented with work demands and pressures that is contrast to their knowledge and skills and challenge their abilities, those work demands and pressures result in the response called work related stress. Work related stress could occur at any level of organization including managers and lower faculty. Causes: Normally work related stress occurs in poor and unsatisfactory working conditions but it become more severe when the supervisors and colleagues do not support their subordinates. Second reason for work related stress is poor work design means if the job is designed in such a way that employer do not have control over the work or they it would lead to the work related stress. Thirdly poor management also create work related stress as If the managers are not able to control the system in efficient way it would create disturbance in the organization leading to work related stress or sometimes when the management system is changed most of the employers are not able to adapt to the change and become the victim of stress. Fourthly the extreme workload leads to the work related stress because in such condition employees do not find proper time for mental relaxation. Fifth reason of work related stress is fear of losing the job. Several other reasons could also create the work relate dShow MoreRelatedWork Related Stress Among Working Women -a Cause Effect Analysis1527 Words   |  7 PagesA STUDY OF WORKPLACE STRESS AMONG WORKING WOMEN- THE CAUSE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS MRS LINA SADEKAR, MRS SHAMI PAI, ASSISTANT PROFESSORS, VVM’S SHREE DAMODAR COLLEGE OF COMMERCE AND ECONOMICS, MARGAO GOA. 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Peer Teaching Lesson for Nurse Education- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about thePeer Teaching Lesson for Nurse Education. Answer: Learning theory used to guide peer teaching session The aim of the given assignment is to provide the learning theories and styles that are used as a peer teaching sessions for nursing. The main purpose of nursing plan is to provide lesson for the basic one to one life support. According to Bradshaw and Hultquist (2016), the learning theories is to provide the framework will provide the blue print for the teaching guidelines. In case of the nursing support related to basic one to one life support care, the teaching guidelines needs to include the general theories. The primary purpose of the basic life support care is to act according to the immediate needs of the patient. One of the essential skills is to have the ability to develop the immediate decision making skills. One of the essential protocol that are needed for the nursing teaching is provided by the need theory of nursing teaching. As mentioned by Oh et al., (2015), the Need theory focuses on the nursing students for development of their own cognitive thinking skills. This will help them to make and implement decisions according to the needs of the patient and situation. The educator wills get the opportunity to teach the lessons that are directly related with the practical situation in the health care service. The theory can also help the individual to focus on the needs of other aspects that will include mental and psychological demand of the patients. Learning styles to be considered The learning style in nursing aims to incorporate the awareness among the people about matters personalized level care. The effective quality of the nurse is dependent on their skills of learning knowledge that is needed for better levels of future growth. The main of the nursing learning styles is to generate the positive environment that is needed for quality care. The style of nursing style depends on the preference of the student. Andreou et al., (2014), have mentioned about the importance of analytical learning styles that are needed for the purpose of understanding the analytics that are associated with the given context. It will therefore be possible for the learners to develop the skill of acquiring information related to the existing medical situation. The analytical style is also combined with that of the situational styles, where most of the learner gets the skills of dealing with the issues with limited amount of medical resources. Both the analytical and situational styl e of learning helps to make most use of the nursing leadership styles. The cultural beliefs within the community also is an essential element of the style of teaching within nursing. The nurse of the community, need to have the ability to understand the sentiment of local culture. This will help them to maintain and establish proper communication within the patient groups (Johnston et al., 2015). Ways to identify the learning needs One of the crucial characters of every professional nurse is the ability to understand and access the needs of the people in the context of the given situation. The importance of understanding the learning needs is to fulfil the gaps that are associated with effective learning skills. In most of the cases, due to the gaps exist mostly due to the rapid changes that occur within the health care sector. Due to the variation in the gaps, exist due to diverse nature of the health care issues in each community. The assessment tool is the most important part of the learning skills that are requested in the context of determining the learning needs. Individual strengths and weakness of the nursing students can be determined that is needed to incorporate personalized levels of nursing care. The teaching objectives in the nursing plan can also be determined by needs (Brennan Bakken, 2015). The area of special focus is part of the nursing teaching plan. Depending on the needs of the local community, it is important to focus on the medical issues faced by the medical experts. Feedback within the nursing care plan As feedbacks are collected from the nursing students, it is possible to understand individual strengths and weaknesses. As a nursing student I will provide feedback by direct interaction with the educator. I will also make use of the evaluation tool, where it is possible to highlight the exact issues in the nursing care plan. For the educators, it is possible to highlight on the barriers that are generally encountered in the teaching plan process. In most of the case, this is possible to deal with the issues that are faced by the nursing students. I can also encourage the educator to change on the existing theory that is needed to incorporate new strategies within the teaching plan. Regular evaluation of the teaching plan is needed, which is the central idea for providing the frameworks needed for the same. Urden et al., (2017), have mentioned about the feedback sandwich model that is needed in the matters highlighting both positive and negative opinions. This model ensures that the information that is gathered from the feedbacks can be used in constructive manner. It also aims to deal with the issues related to the lower motivation of the educators as they have the opportunity to improve the existing teaching methods. Assessment of learners competence The competency level of the learner will help to evaluate the success rate of the implemented nursing teaching plan. With higher levels of competency, it is possible to ensure higher levels of learning success. According to LeGrow and Espin (2017), one of best ways to use of the learning competency is to evaluate the decision making ability of the nurse. The ability to incorporate the soft understanding can also be generated within the process of decision making that will help in improving the accuracy levels of the health care treatment provided. With most of the people engaging in effective communication, it is essential to ensure that proper message is being conveyed to the stakeholders. The objectives can be determined by the rate of recovery of the critical care partients. Reference Andreou, C., Papastavrou, E., Merkouris, A. (2014). Learning styles and critical thinking relationship in baccalaureate nursing education: a systematic review. Nurse education today, 34(3), 362-371. Bradshaw, M., Hultquist, B. L. (2016). Innovative teaching strategies in nursing and related health professions. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Brennan, P. F., Bakken, S. (2015). Nursing needs big data and big data needs nursing. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 47(5), 477-484. Johnston, A. N. B., Hamill, J., Barton, M. J., Baldwin, S., Percival, J., Williams-Pritchard, G., ... Todorovic, M. (2015). Student learning styles in anatomy and physiology courses: Meeting the needs of nursing students. Nurse education in practice, 15(6), 415-420. LeGrow, K., Espin, S. (2017). Beginning explorations of the connectedness between patient-centred care, practice development and advanced nursing competencies to promote professional development. International Practice Development Journal, 7(2). Oh, P. J., Jeon, K. D., Koh, M. S. (2015). The effects of simulation-based learning using standardized patients in nursing students: A meta-analysis. Nurse education today, 35(5), e6-e15. Urden, L. D., Stacy, K. M., Lough, M. E. (2017). Critical Care Nursing-E-Book: Diagnosis and Management. Elsevier Health Sciences.